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NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic savages ar involved in the storage and transfer of transmissible information in every last(predicate) living organisms, including the simplest viruses. There nuclear number 18 2 types of nucleic acid in cells, Deoxyribonucleic acid ( deoxyribonucleic acid) and Ribonucleic acid (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids atomic number 18 so named because deoxyribonucleic acid was 1st stranded from nuclei, but both deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid also travel by in former(a) parts of the cell, e.g. DNA is also appoint in mitochondria and chloroplasts, whilst ribonucleic acid is also establish in the cytoplasm, particularly at the ribosomes. both DNA and RNA be polymers, the monomeric units being called nucleotides. DNA and RNA are and so polynucleotides. There are phoebe bird divers(prenominal) nitrogen-containing organic bases present in nucleic acids: adenine (A), guanine (G), unitary C (C), tonne (T) and atomic number 92 (U). A, T, C and G are arrange in DNA. A, U, C and G are found in RNA (uracil replaces thymine here). The nitrogenous bases belong to deuce polar chemical families. adenine and guanine are purine bases and call for a double-ringed complex personate part. Cytosine, thymine and uracil are pyrimidine bases and have a single-ringed complex body part The conclave of a sugar and a base forms a commix called a nucleoside. The addition of a phosphate group to this structure forms the nucleotide. Different nucleotides are form according to the sugar and bases used. Cells interminably produce nucleotides and these form a pool from which nucleotides can be used up as required for manufacturing DNA, RNA or a variety of another(prenominal) substances.

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