Life in the Ocean

Question 1 part of Chesapeake speak were affected by unexpected blooms of a toxic dinoflagellate, Pfisteria piscicida, in 1997. Research those occurrences in the internet, and discuss the blooms and their effects on the local economy. Was it ballyhoo artist press coverage, or a real danger to humans?Ans.During the pass of 1997, the Chesapeake bay laurel was reported to vex an unexpected bloom of the plankton, Pfisteria piscicida. Experts believed that it was caused by as intimately as much pollution from the surrounding districts of Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia. Farms, factories, and towns channel to the pollution. According to the Chesapeake embayment Foundation, 318 zillion pounds of nitrogen and 19 million pounds of friction match are deposited into the Bay as the result of development, run-off, and air pollutants. Agriculture and domestic fowl operations constitute a large part of the causes of pollu tion of the Bay. The front man of these pollutants at high concentrations triggered the pfisteria bloom, the result of which was devastating. Thousands of fishes were killed rendering massive losses in the local economy, i.e. seafood sales drop. Maryland alone had lost $43 million in sales. Many people were sick due to the toxins taken from the Bay products which increased expenditure in healthcare and medicine.Pfisteria bloom in the Chesapeake Bay posed a threat to humans as well as former(a) organisms. In Maryland, environmentalists are making some steps to asperse pollution of the Bay. The US government had spent millions of dollars in trying to overthrow the cause of such phenomena.Question 2 Whale watching is considered as a worthwhile environmental activity. Some tour guide operations evening allow whale petting, as in the Pacific white-haired whale nursing grounds in Baja California. Swim with the Dolphins operators are favorite in Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean. Di scuss the potential pernicious effects that these interactions with humans whitethorn have on these shipboard soldier mammals.Ans.Human activities have substantial effects to the marine environment, especially the marine mammals. Activities like that cause loud semiaquatic noise, deep-water gillnetting and driftnet fishing, pollution, whaling, large-scale industrial fishing, vessel traffic as well as activities like whale-watching, whale-petting, or simply interacting with the marine mammals have deleterious effects to them. The immediate effect of these interactions to the marine mammals is disturbance.Whale-watchers observed that whales are nice more difficult to search in the open seas because of changes of areas and modes of operation as the result of these disturbances. Visual and acoustic surveys proved that whales are susceptible to acoustic changes, i.e. sound of the vessel engine, as it is there primary mode of communication. Whales and opposite marine mammals use echo location in searching for food and other activities (i.e. mating, social contact). Noise from tour boats disrupts the sound signals transmitted and received thereby affecting their senses. This resulted to decline in whale population and other marine mammals. Research also showed that the presence of tour boats in their surroundings causes hear which affects their behavior.Question 3. What fish and shellfish populations are at or below historical levels? What restoration efforts are being revised to manage the most significant fisheries more effectively? Discuss these and other issues affecting marine resources castigate HERE in Maryland.Ans.Chesapeake Bay fish and shellfish populations are for the most part affected by pollution from the surrounding states. Blue crab, oyster, striped bass, Susquehanna shad, and menhaden are some of the species studied. Different strategies used to increase harvest were examined by scientists and natural resource managers. The American shad and the blue crab were found to have increased over the past decade and are no long-acting below historic levels.This increase was attributed to the accountable fisheries management. Current reports have shown that the Bays fish and shellfish are three-fifths away from the desired levels. In this regard, scientists and managers are trying their best to restore the Bays big estuarine ecosystem. The restoration efforts include the following activities and plans reducing pollution, maintain restoring habits, responsible fisheries management, watershed protection, and fostering stewardship. Pollution, as the primary cause of death of estuarine species was tackled by different states by enforcing laws that protects the Bay area from ruthless throwing of neutralize matter, i.e. increasing taxation of industry-scale poultry operations in Maryland. ReferencesSpotts, P.N. (1997). US Pours Money, expertness into Halting Legal Blooms Electronic Version. Christian Science Monitor, 10/08/97(Uni ted States), 3. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http//www.whoi.edu/redtide/notedevents/gennews/generalHABnews.htmlGoodman, P.S. (1998). Ma., Va. Brace for Pfiesteria Outbreaks. The capital letter Post, April 5, 1998.Lauhakangas, R. (n.d.). Special Aspects of Sperm Whales and Their Relevance to Whale Watching. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http//www.helsinki.fi/lauhakan/whale/education/sc4876.htmlStiffler, L. (2002). Whale-watchers cleverness be Harmful to Orcas, Study Shows. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http//seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/72927_orca01.shtml